The recent lifting of the ban on Jamaat-e-Islami (JeI) in Bangladesh by the Mohammad Yunus Government has sparked widespread concerns. This controversial move has rekindled the debate surrounding the JeI’s history of alleged extremism, its ties to radical ideologies, and its potential impact on the future of Bangladesh.

The Genesis of Jamaat-e-Islami and its Ideological Roots

Founded in 1941 by Syed Abul A’la Maududi, Jamaat-e-Islami has been a prominent player in the political landscape of South Asia. Maududi’s vision, rather than seeking an independent Muslim state, was to establish India as an Islamic state. His writings, including the influential book “Jihad in Islam,” highlight a radical perspective advocating for the dismantling of all states opposed to Islamic ideology.

The Connection to Muslim Brotherhood and Takfirism

A significant connection has been established between Jamaat-e-Islami and the Muslim Brotherhood, with the British Parliament’s review into the latter labeling Jamaat-e-Islami as a “close cousin.” Further investigation into the Muslim Brotherhood uncovered a connection to Sayyid Qutb, a key ideologue, who was influenced by Maududi’s thought. Qutb’s work is said to have contributed to the rise of takfirism, an ideology that justifies extreme violence to establish Islamic rule.

Jamaat-e-Islami’s Role in Bangladesh’s History

Jamaat-e-Islami has a complex history in Bangladesh. During the 1971 War of Independence, the JeI actively supported Pakistan and actively participated in atrocities against Bangladeshi nationalists and minorities. They formed a militia known as Al Badr, which worked alongside Pakistani forces in the notorious Operation Searchlight, targeting unarmed freedom fighters and civilians.

Rise and Resurgence

Despite a ban imposed following independence for their role in the genocide, JeI continued its operations underground, advocating against “secular nationalism” and promoting Islamic identity. The ban was later lifted by Lt Gen Ziaur Rahman, and the JeI gradually rose to become a prominent political force in Bangladesh, securing a significant number of seats in national elections. This resurgence solidified the organization’s political influence within the country.

The Ban and Legalization: A Controversial Trajectory

In recent years, Bangladesh took a stance against Jamaat-e-Islami, denying it participation in elections and recognizing it as a threat to secular principles. However, the new government under Mohammad Yunus has reversed this decision, lifting the ban on the party and its student wing. This move has raised serious concerns regarding a potential shift toward religious extremism within the country.

A Pattern of Extremism?

The legalization of Jamaat-e-Islami has come amidst a backdrop of troubling events. The release of a terrorist linked to al-Qaeda, along with incidents of violence targeting Hindus and the resignation of a university professor after facing pressure over a ban on Quran recitation on campus, further amplifies the anxieties about a potential move towards religious extremism.

The Implications for Bangladesh and Beyond

The JeI’s resurgence has far-reaching implications not only for Bangladesh but also for its neighboring countries, including India. The organization’s history of promoting radical ideology and engaging in violence has drawn concern from India, which already faces issues with extremist groups.

Potential for Increased Polarization and Conflict

The lifting of the ban on JeI has the potential to fuel sectarian tensions and divisions within Bangladesh. The return of the organization, associated with violence and extremist ideology, could escalate conflicts, threatening the country’s hard-earned stability and social fabric.

Takeaways

The reinstatement of Jamaat-e-Islami in Bangladesh is a complex issue with far-reaching ramifications. The organization’s historical connection to extremism, its promotion of religious ideology above the rule of law, and the potential for increased conflict make the recent development highly concerning. It remains crucial for the Bangladeshi government to closely monitor the activities of Jamaat-e-Islami and proactively address the concerns regarding the rise of religious extremism within the country. This situation raises critical questions about the balance between religious freedom and security, and the role of government in addressing the dangers of radical ideologies. The international community must also stay vigilant, recognizing the potential impact of these developments on regional stability and security.